Multiple myeloma is a kind of malignancy that affects bone marrow plasma cells. Multiple myeloma, which is thought to be the second most prevalent kind of blood cancer after leukemia, is defined by abnormal development and accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow and other areas of the body, which may cause a number of health issues. Numerous symptoms, including as bone pain, weakness, and recurrent infections, are associated with multiple myeloma. The stage of the illness and the patient's general condition affect how multiple myeloma is treated.
The causes, symptoms, and available treatments for multiple myeloma are listed below:
Causes:
Although the specific etiology of multiple myeloma is not yet known, researchers have found risk factors that make the illness more likely to occur.
Age: People over the age of 60 are more likely to get this condition.
Gender: Multiple myeloma is more common in males than in women.
Genetics: The likelihood of acquiring multiple myeloma or other blood malignancies is increased by a family history of the condition.
Symptoms:
The signs and symptoms of multiple myeloma may vary greatly from person to person, and in the early stages of the illness, some patients may not exhibit any symptoms at all. Multiple Myeloma's typical signs and symptoms include:
The most prevalent symptom of multiple myeloma is bone pain, which often affects the back, ribs, and hips.
Anemia, which may be brought on by multiple myeloma, can induce weakness and exhaustion.
recurring infections: Multiple myeloma patients have weaker immune systems, making them more prone to infections.
Multiple myeloma may affect the kidneys, which can create issues with urine and fluid balance.
Numbness or tingling: Multiple myeloma may affect the nerves in the hands and feet, which can result in numbness or tingling.
Treatment:
The stage of the illness and the patient's general condition affect how multiple myeloma is treated. The following are typical remedies for the illness:
The most popular kind of treatment for multiple myeloma is chemotherapy, which uses medications to eradicate cancer cells.
Stem cell transplant: In this treatment, healthy stem cells from a donor are used to replace the bone marrow that has been damaged or destroyed.
Using high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells is known as radiation therapy.
medicines that enhance the immune system, which may aid in the defense against cancer cells, are known as immunomodulatory medicines.
To control their symptoms and enhance their quality of life, persons with multiple myeloma may also need supportive care in addition to these medicines. This might involve providing psychological support, physical treatment, and pain management.
